Belief

Theology & Cosmology

Ideas about Satan, Lucifer, divinity, spirits, cosmology, evil, liberation, devotion, and religious interpretation.

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Gustave Doré’s 1866 engraving of Satan from Paradise LostFeatured from this topicSatan
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Gustave Doré’s 1866 engraving of Satan from Paradise Lost
Updated 2026-09-07

Satan

Satan is a figure whose meaning has changed substantially across Jewish, Christian, Islamic, literary, esoteric, and modern Satanic contexts. In contemporary theistic Satanism, Satan may be understood as a real deity, spirit, adversary, initiator, or metaphysical intelligence. Those modern interpretations draw on—but are not identical with—the much older history of the word and character.

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Alexandre Cabanel’s 1847 painting The Fallen Angel
Updated 2026-09-07

Lucifer

Lucifer is a name whose religious meaning developed from an ancient expression for the morning star into one of the best-known names associated with the Devil, fallen angels, occult illumination, and modern Luciferian religion. The word itself is Latin: lūcifer means “light-bringer” or “light-bearer” and was used for the planet Venus when it appeared before sunrise. The later equation “Lucifer = Satan”…

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