
Astrology in Western esotericism
Astrology has supplied language and organizing systems to Western esoteric texts. Its historical role should be distinguished from demonstrated predictive effectiveness.

Astrology has supplied language and organizing systems to Western esoteric texts. Its historical role should be distinguished from demonstrated predictive effectiveness.

Divination consists of practices that interpret signs as answers, indications, or guidance. Methods differ in their religious assumptions and in the kinds of claims they make.

A pentagram is a five-pointed star figure used in different religious and esoteric settings. Orientation and surrounding imagery matter, but do not establish one universal meaning.

Luciferianism describes different religious and philosophical approaches that give Lucifer a positive role. Belief, practice, and identity vary among writers and communities.

The Satanic Temple is a non-theistic religious organization whose public principles and activism differ from those of the Church of Satan and from theistic Satanist devotion.

The Book of Giants names a fragmentary Jewish Enochic work represented at Qumran and a related Manichaean adaptation. Its surviving witnesses concern the offspring of the Watchers, ominous dreams, Enoch, and impending judgment.

How witchcraft has meant an accusation, a magical practice, and a modern identity, with examples from museums and trial records.

The Church of Satan is the organization founded by Anton LaVey in 1966. Its official account describes Satanism as atheistic and gives Satan a symbolic role.

A Goetic spirit combining learned offices with a violent reputation and a winged dog form.

A Goetic spirit with an angelic body, lion head, goose foot, and hare tail, associated with knowledge and boldness.

A Goetic spirit associated with rhetoric, languages, servants, and social favor.

A Goetic duke riding a red horse, credited with knowledge, honors, and the transformation of metals.

A Goetic duke first appearing as a dromedary, associated with affection, friendship, and knowledge.

The Goetic knight, associated with philosophy, learned arts, and forms of divination.

A three-headed Goetic king riding a bear, associated with answers, wit, and invisibility.

The religious philosophy associated with the Temple of Set, the Egyptian name Set, and the idea of Xeper.

A modern approach to magic that treats techniques and belief systems as tools for practical experimentation.

The Nephilim appear in brief biblical passages and in later traditions about giants. Different texts should be distinguished before their accounts are combined.

Beelzebub and related spellings appear in distinct biblical contexts. Later demonological interpretations should not be retroactively read into each earlier occurrence.

Alchemy concerns historical approaches to material transformation and the interpretation of nature. Spiritual readings form part of its reception but should not replace the material history.